Re: query on Swedish farming

Dr. Glen C Filson (gfilson@uoguelph.ca)
Sat, 15 Apr 1995 18:14:30 -0400 (EDT)

Hi Ann. As a Rural Extension Studies prof. at the Univ. of Guelph I
wanted to confirm what you said about the lack of funding for researchers
and extension agents focusing on organic agriculture in spite, in my
opinion, of reasonably decent funding (soon to be cut back even more than it
has been) for conventional production agriculture. There are, however, a
few new intra or transdisciplinary projects focusing on sustainable
agriculture including the new Chair program in Agroecosystem Health and
its related Farming Systems Research program which do have at least a
couple of full time faculty equivalents of time spread over many
disciplines, from animal science to sociology. Certainly their attempt
is to develop social, economic and environmental indicators of farm, community
and watershed sustainability. This is a pittance in relative and
absolute terms if compared with the research and extension commitment of
Sweden, other Scandinavian countries, the Netherlands, etc. and I totally
agree that non-conventional agricultural researchers and extensionists,
though heard by the irritated hierarchy within the agricultural research
and education community within Ontario, are still mostly ignored,
disdained and marginalized by their relative absence of access to
funding.

Nice to read your posts Ann!

Glen Filson
Rural Extension Studies

On Thu, 13 Apr 1995, E. Ann Clark, Associate Professor wrote:

> John H. asked about Swedish agriculture. We recently spent a pleasant
> afternoon here at Guelph listening to a Swedish farmer and a Dutch
> farmer speaking about pesticide reduction programs in their
> respective countries. It was sponsored by the WWF, and was most
> enlightening.
>
> Briefly, the Swedish government (fully endorsed and
> supported by the farmers who collectively own their own processing
> facilities and I think, marketing cooperatives) has decided within the
> last year or two that by the year 2000, they will have 10% organic
> farms (up from 1.8% now). To understand this, you should know that
> the Swedish people have long had a passion for clean and safe food,
> and have long supported various initiatives to reduce dependence on
> biocides. At present, biocide a.i. in kg/ha is about 1.5 for
> Sweden, compared with 2.4 for Denmark and a whopping 9.5 for Holland
> (OECD figures).
>
> To achieve this end, they are commiting mega resources to both
> research and extension in organic farming. If I understood
> correctly, something like 25 person-years of research effort are now
> devoted to organic farming at their only agricultural university.
> Each of their agricultural districts (I think it was about 30) is
> also supported by an average of 1.5 extension person years dedicated
> solely to organic farming. All of this is not counting the commodity-
> specific R and D that is also being devoted to organic farming.
> Sounds a bit optimistic, so I may have misunderstood something.
> Nonetheless, it was clear that a huge, nation-wide, publicly supported
> effort is now underway in Sweden.
>
> I was green with envy. In Ontario, we have zero researchers
> dedicated to organic farming (and no research funding that can be
> pried away from conventional sources to support this kind of work),
> and two, part-time organic extension agents for the entire province.
>
> In the several publications that they left behind, the Federation
> of Swedish Farmers quite clearly outlined the various initiatives
> they are undertaking to achieve further gains in protecting the
> environment in such areas as nutrient conservation, non-use of sewage
> sludge on agricultural land, reducing N losses by 50%, further
> reducing pesticide use, placing more stringent demands on the
> chemical industry, including a zero tolerance for biocide residue on
> crude products of agriculture. Reference is made to livestock
> production practices that are "ethically unassailable".
>
> In a nutshell, Sweden appears to have a somewhat unique mileau
> within which to accomplish these laudable objectives, in that they
> have a cohesive farming population that largely supports the strict
> demands of their populace for safe, environmentally sound, and
> ethically defensible crop and livestock production practices. What
> this means in practice is less active resistance from various
> lobbying groups which have a vested interest in maintaining the
> status quo. I might add that contact in New Zealand indicate a
> similar initiative is now or soon to be underway there as well,
> dedicated specifically to sustainable agriculture.
>
> I for one would like to find out more about what kinds of organic
> research/extension they are undertaking in Sweden and New Zealand.
> Perhaps someone from these or other enlightened countries can
> enlighten us? Ann
>
> ACLARK@crop.uoguelph.ca
> Dr. E. Ann Clark
> Associate Professor
> Crop Science
> University of Guelph
> Guelph, ON N1G 2W1
> Phone: 519-824-4120 Ext. 2508
> FAX: 519 763-8933
>