Henry A. Wallace Institute for Alternative Agriculture
9200 Edmonston Road, #117
Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA
Voice (301) 441-8777, Fax (301) 220-0164
E-mail hawiaa@access.digex.net
Web site www.hawiaa.org
* * *
If You Are Interested in Sustainable Agriculture...
In addition to this monthly newsletter, the Henry A. Wallace Institute for
Alternative Agriculture publishes the "American Journal of Alternative
Agriculture," a quarterly, peer-reviewed journal of research on alternative
agriculture. It is a scientific forum for disseminating technical,
economic, and social research findings about the character and requirements
of alternative agriculture systems.
Globalization of pesticide technology within the context of meeting the
needs of low- input sustainable agriculture is examined in the first
article of the current issue (Vol. 14, No. 2). Other articles cover an
alternative, low-input production system for fresh market tomatoes; yields
and returns from strip intercropping on six Iowa farms; geographic
information systems for selection of CRP tracts to meet different
management goals after contract expiration; and the effect of conservation
tillage on crop yields, soil erosion, and soil properties under furrow
irrigation in western Colorado.
For U.S. subscribers, one volume (four issues) costs US$44 for libraries,
US$24 for individuals, and US$12 for students; foreign rates are also
available. For more information, contact the Wallace Institute, 9200
Edmonston Rd., #117, Greenbelt, MD 20770; (301) 441- 8777;
hawiaa@access.digex.net.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Minimal Gains for Sustainable Ag in 2000 Budget, p. 1
Floods Highlight Flaws in North Carolina's Farm Policy, p. 2
Disputed Study Questions Safety of Genetically Modified Food, p. 3
Positions, p. 3
Monsanto Will Not Commercialize "Terminator" Technology, p. 4
National Academy of Sciences to Review USDA's Biotech Process, p. 4
Resources, p. 4
Upcoming Events, p. 5
MINIMAL GAINS FOR SUSTAINABLE AG IN 2000 BUDGET
The USDA budget passed by Congress last month for Fiscal Year 2000
included only minimal gains for sustainable agriculture programs, with
small increases for Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas (ATTRA)
and the Organic Foods Production Act (OFPA). Here are the approved
appropriations for several sustainable agriculture discretionary programs:
SARE: An $8 million appropriation was approved for the Sustainable
Agriculture Research and Education program, the same as the FY99
appropriation. SAPDP: A $3.3 million appropriation was approved for the
SARE (Chapter 3) Professional Development Program, the same as the FY99
appropriation. ATTRA: A $1.5 million appropriation was approved for ATTRA,
an increase from the FY99 appropriation of $1.3 million. OFPA: The OFPA has
funding up to $1 million, an increase from the FY99 appropriation of $500,000.
In addition, the following appropriations were approved for mandatory
programs: CFO: No funds were approved for the Conservation Farm Option,
which also received no funding in the FY99 budget. EQIP: A $174 million
appropriation was approved for the Environmental Quality Incentives
Program, the same as the FY99 appropriation. WRP: Enrollment in the
Wetlands Reserve Program was increased to 150,000 acres from the FY99
enrollment of 120,000 acres. CFSA: A $2.5 million appropriation was
approved for the Community Food Security Act, the same as the FY99. FRA: No
funds were approved for the Fund for Rural America, which also received no
funding in the FY99 budget. IFAFS: No funds were approved for the new
Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems, a competitive grants
program which was added and then eventually deleted from the FY99 budget.
FLOODS HIGHLIGHT FLAWS IN NORTH CAROLINA'S FARM POLICY
After the floods of Hurricanes Dennis and Floyd, "loose regulations that
helped eastern North Carolina become the nation's biggest producer of
turkeys and the second biggest of hogs have come back to haunt the state's
public health and its environment," according to a front-page story in The
New York Times (October 17, 1999). Hurricane Floyd killed 48 people and
caused more than $1 billion in damage in North Carolina; it also left
behind "incalculable and continuing hazards in ground water, wells and
rivers from animal waste, mostly from giant hog farms."
"For years, farmers had been free to build hog and poultry operations as
big as they wanted and wherever they liked," the story said. But after the
hurricane and its flooding, hog waste flowed into rivers from overloaded
waste lagoons, and compounded other flooding problems. According to The
Washington Post (October 24, 1999), "Hog lagoons were flooded, wastewater
treatment plants were breeched, more than 2 million chickens, turkeys, and
hogs drowned, and the scene was set for an environmental mess never
encountered before in the state. Everything in the flood's path was swept
into this witches' brew--chemicals, gasoline, fertilizers, dead animals,
human and livestock wastes--and headed downstream."
The State Department of Environment and Natural Resources last month
announced an "emergency waste management strategy" for hog and poultry
farms in order to keep waste out of the water supply. The North Carolina
legislature in 1997 passed a moratorium on construction of new and expanded
lagoons until July 2001, but a plan to phase out lagoons will take 10 years.
DISPUTED STUDY QUESTIONS SAFETY OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOOD
The medical journal Lancet last month published a study "suggesting that
genetically modified food may be harmful, even though the research has been
widely criticized by scientists and was found wanting by some of the
journal's own referees," according to The New York Times (October 15,
1999). The study in the England-based journal reports that rats fed
genetically modified potatoes experienced a thickening of their stomach
walls, thinning of tissues in the large intestine, and an increase in white
blood cells in intestinal linings.
According to The Washington Post (October 15, 1999), the researchers
"conclude that the gene-altering process somehow made the engineered
potatoes toxic....They suspect that the rats' intestinal changes--the
medical significance of which remains uncertain--may have been caused by
the viruses that scientists used to get the new genes into the potatoes, or
by normal potato genes that may have been disrupted when the repellent's
genes were inserted."
The editor of the journal wrote a commentary "revealing that several of
the journal's own scientific reviewers considered the report to be unworthy
of publication," The Post said. "They ultimately acquiesced, he writes, in
part out of fear that biotech critics would accuse the journal of covering
up a public health threat." According to The Times, "Publication of the
paper in a peer-reviewed journal is likely to further fan fears about
genetically engineered crops in Europe, where consumers and supermarkets
are widely rejecting what opponents have called Frankenfoods."
POSITIONS
National Campaign for Sustainable Agriculture seeks an organizer for
policy advocacy activities; send letter, resume, writing samples, and
references to Amy Little, Executive Director, NCSA, P.O. Box 396, Pine
Bush, NY 12566; (914) 744-8448; campaign@magiccarpet.com.
Washington State University seeks an Extension Leader, Small Scale and
Urban Agriculture, at its Puyallup campus; Master's Degree required, Ph.D.
desired; submit letter describing qualifications, vitae, transcripts, and
three current letters of reference to Rebecca Armstrong, WSU Cooperative
Extension, P.O. Box 646241, Pullman, WA 99164-6241; (509) 335-2822;
armstro@wsu.edu.
MONSANTO WILL NOT COMMERCIALIZE "TERMINATOR" TECHNOLOGY
In an open letter last month to Rockefeller Foundation President Gordon
Conway, Monsanto CEO Robert B. Shapiro made "a public commitment not to
commercialize sterile seed technologies, such as the one dubbed
'Terminator.'" The development of the so-called "Terminator" technology,
which would make plant seeds sterile, has been controversial, especially
among rural development groups, because it would prevent farmers from
keeping some of their harvest for seed. Conway in June had asked Monsanto
to stop using the technology and recommended putting labels on foods that
contain genetically modified ingredients to ease consumer fears about
biotechnology.
"The move by the St. Louis firm is the first time any U.S. crop
biotechnology company has sworn off a promising area of research because of
public reaction, a sign that the industry is trying to defuse what it fears
is a growing anti-biotechnology sentiment in the U.S.," according to The
Wall Street Journal (October 5, 1999). "Monsanto's decision is a blow to
researchers at Delta & Pine Land [Co.] and the Agriculture Department,
which share a 1998 patent on the terminator gene and apparently were in the
dark about Monsanto's plans." Before Monsanto's decision, scientists had
expected the seeds containing the technology to reach the marketplace in
about five years.
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES TO REVIEW USDA'S BIOTECH PROCESS
The National Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with the USDA, will
establish a committee to undertake an independent, on-going scientific
review of USDA's regulatory process for biotechnology-derived plants. The
15 committee members will examine the environmental impacts associated with
commercialization of biotechnology-derived plants, and provide guidance on
how best to assess and mitigate those risks. The committee will also serve
to address emerging scientific issues. "It is important that we maintain
public confidence in our regulatory process, and we can only do that by
ensuring that our decisions are backed by the most up-to-date and rigorous
science available," said USDA Secretary Dan Glickman.
RESOURCES
"Tracking Progress: Alternatives to Pesticides on the Farm" is available
on the Internet at www.pesticide.org/FarmerRptRelease.html, or from
Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides at (541) 344-5044.
"Animal Agriculture: Waste Management Practices" is available from U.S.
General Accounting Office, P.O. Box 37050, Washington, DC 20013; (202)
512-6000; on the Internet, www.gao.gov.
"The Organic Pages" is $44.95 plus $6 shipping/handling from Dan Pratt,
Organic Trade Association Press, P.O. Box 547-R, Greenfield, MA 01302;
(413) 775-9965; info@ota.com.
"Forest Futures: Population, Consumption and Wood Resources" is available
on the Internet at www.populationaction.org, or from Population Action
International, 1120 19th St., #550, Washington, DC 20036; (202) 659-1833.
Proceedings from "Marketing, Production, and Manure Contracts in Today's
Pork Industry" are $10 from Kaye Longtine, Swine Center, 385 Animal
Science/Veterinary Medicine Building, 1988 Fitch Ave., University of
Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108; (612) 624-4719.
"Cultivating Havana: Urban Agriculture and Food Security in the Years of
Crisis" is $9 from Institute for Food and Development Policy, 398 60th St.,
Oakland, CA 94618; (510) 654- 4400; orders can be placed on the Internet at
www.foodfirst.org/pubsorder.htm#IDR12.
"Talking to Farmers," "Talking to Consumers," "Marketing Sustainably
Produced Foods," and "Food Choices" are available from Food Choices, 30
West Mifflin St., #401, Madison, WI 53703; (608) 258-4396.
UPCOMING EVENTS
November 26-27, "Economic Globalization and the Role of the World Trade
Organization Teach-In" will be held in Seattle, WA; contact International
Forum on Globalization, 1555 Pacific Ave., San Francisco, CA 94109; (415)
771-8094; e-mail ifg@ifg.org.
November 30 (in Washington, DC.) and December 13 (in Oakland, CA), the
Food and Drug Administration will hold public meetings about bioengineered
foods; in DC, contact Patricia Alexander, FDA, (301) 9827-5006,
palexand@oc.fda.gov; in CA, contact Janet McDonald, FDA, (510) 337-6845,
jmcdonal@ora.fda.gov.
December 2-3, "The Future of Our Food and Farms," a Delaware Valley
regional summit, will be held in Philadelphia, PA; contact The Farmers'
Market Trust, (215) 568-0830 ext. 13, or 1-800-417-9499;
foodfarm@libertynet.org.
December 6-7, "Adding Value Through Environmental Marketing: Opportunities
for Food Producers, Processors and Retailers" will be held in Madison, WI;
contact IPM Institute of North America, 1914 Rowley Ave., Madison, WI
53705; (608) 232-1528; tagreen@compuserve.com.
December 6-8, "Organic Agriculture Faces Its Development--The Future
Stakes" will be held in Lyon, France; contact Christophe David,
ISARA-France, phone (33) 0472325119; david@isara.fr.
December 12-16, "Back to the Future on Jointed Legs," the annual meeting
of the Entomological Society of America, will be held in Atlanta, GA;
contact April Gower, ESA, 9301 Annapolis Rd., Lanham, MD 20706-3115; (301)
731-4535; esa@entsoc.org.
December 14 is the deadline for Proposals for Participation for
"Transcending Boundaries: Natural Resource Management from Summit to Sea,"
the 8th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management, to be
held in Bellingham, WA, June 17-22, 2000; contact 8th ISSRM, Rm. 217
Arntzen Hall, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225-9085;
(360) 650-3284; issrm8th@cc.wwu.edu.
December 15-17, "Conservation 2000," the National Agricultural
Conservation 2000 Conference, will be held in New Orleans, LA; contact
Conservation Technology Information Center, 1220 Potter Drive, #170, West
Lafayette, IN 47906; (765) 494-9555; on the Internet, www.ctic.purdue.edu.
January 19-22, 2000, 20th Annual Ecological Farming Conference will be
held in Pacific Grove, CA; contact Committee for Sustainable Agriculture,
406 Main St., #313, Watsonville, CA 95076; (831) 763-2111.
January 27-30, 2000, 19th Annual Organic Conference and Eco-Products Trade
Show will be held at the University of Guelph, Canada; contact Tomas Nimmo,
Box 116, Collingwood, Ontario, Canada L9Y 3Z4; (705) 444-0923;
organix@georgian.net.
March 27-29, 2000, "Soil, Food and People: A Biointensive Model for the
New Century," co-sponsored by the Wallace Institute, will be held in Davis,
CA; contact the University of California, Davis, Extension, 1-800-752-0881;
on the Internet, www.universityextension.ucdavis.edu/biointensive.
Henry A Wallace Institute for Alternative Agriculture
9200 Edmonston Rd Ste 117
Greenbelt MD 20770-1551
Phone: 301-441-8777
Fax: 301-220-0164
Web site: www.hawiaa.org
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