sanet-mg-digest Wednesday, February 24 1999 Volume 01 : Number
854
In this issue:
re: sanet-mg-digest V1 #818
re: sanet-mg-digest V1 #820
re: sanet-mg-digest V1 #822
See the end of the digest for information about sanet-mg-digest.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed, 24 Feb 1999 9:09:12 -0500
From: "Clara Cohen" <ccohen@usaid.gov>
Subject: re: sanet-mg-digest V1 #818
Greetings! I will be out of the office until March 3, 1999. Clara
- -------------
Original Text
From: "sanet-mg-digest" <owner-sanet-mg-digest@ces.ncsu.edu>, on 02/09/1999
6:48 PM:
To: internet[<sanet-mg-digest@ces.ncsu.edu>]
sanet-mg-digest Tuesday, February 9 1999 Volume 01 : Number 818
In this issue:
Fwd: GEN2-6; Part 1
Re: Fwd: GEN2-7
See the end of the digest for information about sanet-mg-digest.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Tue, 09 Feb 1999 18:11:07 -0400
From: Daniel Worley <dan.worley@mindless.com>
Subject: Fwd: GEN2-6; Part 1
[Reposted with permission]
>X-Sender: rwolfson@pop3.concentric.net
>Date: Sat, 6 Feb 1999 12:09:30 -0500
>To: info@natural-law.ca
>From: Richard Wolfson <rwolfson@concentric.net>
>Subject: GEN2-6
>X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by smv14.iname.net id
MAA04303
>
>[sorry I haven't sent anything for a few days. I had a cold]
>
>Seeds of Discord
>Monsanto's Gene Police Raise Alarm On Farmers' Rights, Rural Tradition
>
>By Rick Weiss
>Washington Post
>Staff Writer
>
>Wednesday, February 3, 1999; Page A01
>
>BRUNO, Saskatchewan-On a cold January morning in central Canada, Percy
>Schmeiser looks over his frozen fields. "Here's where all the trouble
>began," he says, pointing to where private investigators last year arrived
>uninvited and snipped samples of his crops for DNA tests.
>
>Schmeiser, 68, has been farming these fertile acres all his life, growing
>canola for the valuable oil in its seeds. And as farmers have done for
>thousands of years, he has saved some seeds from each year's harvest to
>replant his fields the following season.
>
>Now, he says, "for doing what I've always done," he is being sued by
>agribusiness giant Monsanto Co. in a landmark "seed piracy" case. The
>outcome could influence how much control biotechnology companies will have
>over the world's food supply in the next millennium, and is highlighting a
>major source of friction as the genetic revolution spills into the world
of
>agriculture.
>
>Schmeiser is one of hundreds of farmers in the United States and Canada
who
>stand accused by Monsanto of replanting the company's patented,
>gene-altered seeds in violation of a three-year-old company rule requiring
>that farmers buy the seeds fresh every year. He vehemently denies having
>bought Monsanto's seeds, saying pollen or seeds must have blown onto his
>farm, possibly from a neighbor's land. It's the company, Schmeiser says,
>that ought to be rebuked for its pattern of "harassment."
>
>Besides sending Pinkerton detectives into farmers' fields, the company
>sponsors a toll-free "tip line" to help farmers blow the whistle on their
>neighbors and has placed radio ads broadcasting the names of noncompliant
>growers caught planting the company's genes. Critics say those tactics are
>fraying the social fabric that holds farming communities together.
>
>"Farmers here are calling it a reign of terror," Schmeiser says.
>"Everyone's looking at each other and asking, 'Did my neighbor say
>something?' "
>
>Cases like Schmeiser's are also raising alarms within organizations that
>deal with global food security. That's because three-quarters of the
>world's growers are subsistence farmers who rely on saved seed.
>
>"This is a very alien and threatening concept to farmers in most of the
>world," said Hope Shand, research director of Rural Advancement Foundation
>International, an international farm advocacy group based in Pittsboro,
>N.C. "Our rural communities are being turned into corporate police states
>and farmers are being turned into criminals."
>
>Monsanto representatives say the company must strictly enforce the "no
>replant" policy to recoup the millions of dollars spent developing the
>seeds and to continue providing even better seeds for farmers. Already,
>they say, the new varieties are improving farmers' yields and profits and
>allowing them to abandon extremely toxic chemicals in favor of more
>environmentally friendly ones. A newer generation of engineered seeds, now
>under development, promises to produce food with enhanced nutritional
>value, providing a potential boon for the world's malnourished masses.
>
>"This is part of the agricultural revolution, and any revolution is
>painful. But the technology is good technology," said Karen Marshall, a
>spokeswoman for Monsanto in St. Louis.
>
>Developing Products
>
>A visit to Monsanto's 210-acre biotechnology complex, 25 miles west of St.
>Louis, offers ample evidence of how difficult and expensive it is to
>develop new and useful varieties of gene-altered seeds.
>
>It is the largest biotechnology research center in the world, featuring
250
>separate laboratories, 100 room-sized plant growth chambers whose climates
>can be controlled from researchers' home computers if necessary, and two
>acres of greenhouses arrayed on the main building's enormous rooftop.
>
>It was here that company scientists took a gene >from a bacterium that
>produces an insect-killing toxin called "Bt" and transferred it to corn,
>cotton and other crops to make plants that exude their own insecticide.
>Here too, researchers gave crops a gene that allows them to survive
>Monsanto's flagship weed killer, Roundup, which normally kills them.
>
>Monsanto estimates that it takes 10 years and about $300 million to create
>commercial products such as these. For every new kind of engineered seed
>that makes it to field trials, 10,000 have failed somewhere along the
>development pipeline, officials say.
>
>To recover this huge investment, the company has opted not to sell its
>engineered seeds in the traditional sense but to "lease" them, in effect,
>for one-time use only -- and to go after anyone who breaks the rules.
>
>Suing one's own customers "is a little touchy," Marshall conceded. But
>after going to so much trouble to build a better seed, "we don't want to
>give the technology away."
>
>It wasn't always this way. Until about a decade ago, crop and seed
>development in the United States and abroad was mostly a government
>business. The Department of Agriculture, in conjunction with the nation's
>land grant colleges and local agricultural extension agents, developed,
>tested and distributed new varieties of seeds, asking nothing more of
>citizens than that they pay their taxes. Under that system, patents were
>infrequently pursued and rarely enforced. And seed saving and trading were
>commonplace.
>
>That began to change in the 1980s when Congress passed legislation,
>including the Bayh-Dole Amendment, that encouraged federal agencies to
>cooperate more closely with the private sector. In agriculture, that meant
>private seed companies could profit handsomely by selling seeds that were
>developed in large part with taxpayer dollars. Today, a handful of
American
>and European agricultural companies control a major portion of the world's
>certified food seed supply.
>
>Monsanto is the king of them all. Its gene alterations can be found in
>hundreds of crop varieties sold under license by many seed companies. And
>the total acreage devoted to gene-altered crops has increased
>astronomically since the first varieties were approved in 1996. This year,
>about half of the 72-million-acre U.S. soybean harvest is expected to be
>genetically engineered to tolerate Monsanto's Roundup. More than half of
>the 13 million acres of U.S. cotton will be engineered as well, as will be
>about 25 percent of the nation's 80 million acres of corn, either for
>Roundup resistance or to exude Bt.
>
>"Farmers are going bonkers for these crops," said William Kosinski, a
>Monsanto biotechnology educator. "They've been very well received."
>
>Although there are lingering concerns that in the long run genetically
>engineered crops could end up hurting the environment, the company argues
>that they could actually help. In one small study, the reduced use of
>pesticides with engineered plants appears to have resulted in increased
>survival of beneficial insects, which eat insect pests and serve as food
>for struggling songbird populations.
>
>"Cotton growers are saying that the thing they're noticing is they're
>starting to hear birds again," said Hugh Grant, co-president of Monsanto's
>agricultural division.
>
>Growers' Agreement
>
>Tim Seifert and Ted Megginson are farm neighbors in Auburn, Ill., about
100
>miles northeast of St. Louis. Between the two of them they farm about 4,
400
>acres, mostly soybeans and corn, and they will vouch for the quality of
>Monsanto's genes.
>
>For the past two years, all 1,200 acres of Seifert's soybean fields have
>been planted with Monsanto's herbicide-tolerant Roundup Ready brand, and
>about half his other 1,200 acres are now devoted to the company's
>Bt-exuding "YieldGard" corn. Megginson started using Roundup Ready soybean
>seed last year, and both say they have obtained good yields while using
>fewer toxic chemicals.
>
>"It's made me a better farmer," Seifert said, warming his hands in
>Megginson's small, barn-side office. Most important, Seifert estimates he
>saved $5 to $6 an acre last year in reduced labor and pesticide costs.
>
>But when conversation turns to the restrictions that come along with
>Monsanto's seed, Seifert and Megginson confess to being less than
enthused.
>One irritation is the "Technology Use Agreement," which not only demands
>that farmers not save seed but also gives Monsanto the right to come onto
>their land and take plant samples for three years after the seeds are last
>purchased.
>
>"Farmers don't like to sign anything," Seifert said, especially anything
>that gives up their rights to stop trespassers. "I have to admit, I balked
>a little."
>
>But what has really irritated farmers has been Monsanto's aggressive
>efforts to track down seed savers, such as the company's widely advertised
>toll-free "tip line."
>
>"Nobody likes to think that your neighbor is getting away with something
>while you are doing it on the uppity up, but we're all neighbors, too,"
>Seifert said. In heated discussions at local farm meetings, he said, "the
>majority of farmers felt like they wouldn't squeal on each other."
>
>Megginson and Seifert were also taken aback by the radio ads that Monsanto
>aired during the fall soybean harvest in which the company named farmers
>who had been caught saving seed -- ads the company calls "educational" and
>others call "intimidating."
>
>One of those named farmers is David Chaney, who farms about 500 acres near
>Reed, Ky. Chaney admitted to replanting some of Monsanto's engineered
>soybean seed and trading some to other farmers in the area.
>
>He settled with Monsanto, paying the company $35,000 and signing an
>agreement that forbids him from criticizing the company. "I wish I could
>tell you the whole story," he said. "Legally they are right. But morally,
>that's something else altogether. Mostly I wish I'd bought their stock
>instead of their seed."
>
>Perhaps most bothersome, he said, is knowing that someone he knows
probably
>turned him in. "I hope I never know who," he said.
>
>It's possible that no one turned Chaney in, because another of Monsanto's
>methods for catching seed pirates is to conduct random DNA tests on plants
>growing in the fields of farmers who have bought its seed in previous
years.
>
>The company has hired full-time Pinkerton investigators and, north of the
>border, retired Canadian Mounted Police, to deal with the growing work
load
>-- a total now of more than 525 cases, about half of which have been
>settled. The company won't reveal details, but many of the settlements
have
>been in the range of tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars each, and a
>settlement in the millions is expected soon, said Lisa Safarian,
Monsanto's
>intellectual property protection manager.
>
>The company has decided that the risk of alienating some farmers is more
>than offset by the benefit of being able to promise "a level playing
field"
>for the vast majority of honest customers, Safarian said. Besides, she
>said, the money is going to a good cause: a Monsanto-created scholarship
>fund to help the children of farmers go to college.
>
>Rounding Up Evidence
>
>But what about Schmeiser, who never bought engineered seeds from Monsanto,
>and never signed a grower agreement? According to some experts, his
>predicament suggests that Monsanto's policies could affect many more
people
>than just its customers.
>
>It was a Friday in July when he got a call from a local Monsanto
>representative. "We have heard a rumor that you are growing Roundup Ready
>Canola on your farm," the man said.
>
>"I thought, 'Oh boy!,' " Schmeiser said.
>
>Schmeiser stands as straight as a silo and is not easily intimidated. He
>was the mayor of Bruno for 17 years, and for five years was a member of
the
>Saskatchewan legislative assembly. "I've seen a lot of politics," he says.
>"But I've never seen a situation to create hard feelings and divide people
>as what I'm seeing now."
>
>The man from Monsanto asked Schmeiser for permission to test his plants.
>Schmeiser refused, so the company sampled some plants on a public
>right-of-way near his fields. Some of those apparently tested positive for
>Monsanto's gene, because a judge subsequently provided a court order
>allowing the company to take plants from Schmeiser's property.
>
>The problem, Schmeiser says, is there's a lot of plants in the area with
>Monsanto's gene in them. Roundup Ready pollen from other farmers' fields
is
>blowing everywhere in the wind, he says, and he's seen big brown clouds of
>canola seed blowing off loaded trucks as they speed down the road around
>harvest time -- spilling more than enough to incriminate an innocent
farmer.
>
>Back near his house, Schmeiser points to a wild canola plant poking out of
>the snow near the base of a telephone pole. "I sprayed Roundup around
these
>poles twice last summer to control weeds," he says. How is it, he asks,
>that this canola plant survived?
>
>Inside his modest, tidy home, he pulls out agricultural articles
>documenting many instances of Roundup Ready canola cross-pollinating with
>normal canola. Monsanto has a problem, says Terry J. Zekreski, Schmeiser's
>attorney in Saskatoon: It's trying to own a piece of Mother Nature that
>naturally spreads itself around.
>
>Ray Mowling, a vice president for Monsanto Canada in Mississauga, agrees
>that some cross pollination occurs, and acknowledges the awkwardness of
>prosecuting farmers who may be inadvertently growing Monsanto seed through
>cross-pollination or via innocent trades with patent-violating neighbors.
>Nonetheless, he said, the company considers Schmeiser's "a critical case"
>to win if it hopes to protect its patent rights beyond its immediate
circle
>of paying customers.
>
>Killing a Cash Cow
>
>Some say Monsanto could have done things
>differently. Berlin-based AgrEvo, for example, also sells engineered
canola
>in Canada yet has chosen not to place restrictions on seed use. Its plan
is
>to make money on its herbicide, Liberty, rather than on its
>Liberty-tolerant seeds. The more seeds sold, blown or given away, the
>better.
>
>Monsanto, however, does not have that option. The U.S. patent on Roundup
is
>on the verge of expiring, which means cheap generics will soon kill the
>company's 20-year-old cash cow. Monsanto will have to profit from
>Roundup-tolerant seeds, rather than from Roundup itself.
>
>Representatives of other U.S. seed companies have taken a few potshots at
>Monsanto for how it has handled its war on piracy. Privately, though, they
>express relief that patent protection is Monsanto's problem, not theirs.
>
>In a few years Monsanto may have a technical solution to its problem. The
>company is buying the commercial rights to a package of genes, developed
in
>part by the federal government, that has come to be known as "Terminator."
>When inserted into seeds, the genes ensure that the resulting plants will
>never produce seeds of their own.
>
>While the system could solve forever the seed piracy problem, it has
>already come under heavy fire from farmers and international agronomic
>groups because of its potential to starve subsistence farmers of the
>renewable seed they need. In any case, Terminator technology is not
>expected to be available commercially until 2005.
>
>In Monsanto's view, there is no crisis today: Farmers can simply decide
>whether its seeds are worth the legal baggage they carry. And indeed, many
>farmers have already voted "yes" with their wallets.
>
>"We're not doing this [farming] for a hobby. We're looking for net
>dollars," said Megginson, the Illinois farmer who has begun using
>Monsanto's genes. "They're not holding a gun to my head to make me buy
>their seeds."
>
>Then again, that didn't help Schmeiser. He and others say they can't help
>but wonder whether high-tech agriculture -- and the escalating war over
>seed patent rights -- may ultimately rob farmers of the one thing they
have
>historically cherished the most: The freedom to work their land as they
>wish.
>
>"Every year I get catalogues from the seed salesmen, and more and more
>varieties have the Roundup Ready gene even though I don't need it," said
>Vincent Moye, a farmer in Reinbeck, Iowa. "The government's looking at
>Microsoft too hard. This is a bigger monopoly. We're all gonna be serfs on
>our own land."
>
>Growth in Gene-Altered Crops
>
>Genetically engineered crops make up a large portion of agricultural
>production in the United States. Genetically engineered canola has not
been
>approved for the United States, though it is grown in abundance in Canada.
>Here are some of the major engineered crops.
>
>Roundup Ready refers to crops that are genetically altered to be resistant
>to the herbicide Roundup.
>
>Bt refers to crops that are genetically altered to produce the natural
>insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis.
>
>Note: 1998 figures are estimated; 1999 figures are projected.
>
>Total U.S. production of crop, in acres, 1998
>
>Soybeans 72 million
>
>Cotton 13 million
>
>Corn 80 million
>
>Canola 14 million
>
>SOURCES: Monsanto, National Agricultural Statistics Service, American
>Soybean Association
>
>
> © Copyright 1999 The Washington Post Company
>
>............
--Dan in Sunny Puerto Rico--
dan.worley@mindless.com
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- ------------------------------
Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 18:06:47 -0500 (EST)
From: joel b gruver <jgruv@wam.umd.edu>
Subject: Re: Fwd: GEN2-7
In response to the following post...
> >UK Government Burns Biotech Canola
> >
> >A field of herbicide-resistant canola was destroyed in UK after it
> >pollinated nearby plants. The biotech canola was planted only two
meters
> >away from normal canola. Regulations dictating a buffer zone of at
least 6
> >meters were violated.
> >
A buffer zone of 6 m is hardly enough to minimize transfer of GM
canola pollen...
Canola is insect pollinated as is very obvious to anyone that has listened
to the amazing hum of honey bees and other pollinators working a field of
canola... I would think that an effective buffer zone would have to be in
the hundreds of meters...
I would think that GM seed producers would/should be disseminating
conservative and explicit buffer zone information to all growers of
their seeds...to minimize company liability for events such as
the recent contamination of organic corn chips...
Do any of the technology contracts that farmers are signing these
days specify buffer zone requirements ?
Joel Gruver
U of MD
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- ------------------------------
End of sanet-mg-digest V1 #818
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Clara K. Cohen, AAAS Fellow
USAID/G/EGAD/AFS
RRB 2.11-102
Washington, D.C. 20523-2110
Phone: (202) 712-1116
Fax: (202) 216-3010
e-mail: ccohen@usaid.gov
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------------------------------
Date: Wed, 24 Feb 1999 9:10:29 -0500
From: "Clara Cohen" <ccohen@usaid.gov>
Subject: re: sanet-mg-digest V1 #820
Greetings! I will be out of the office until March 3, 1999. Clara
- -------------
Original Text
From: "sanet-mg-digest" <owner-sanet-mg-digest@ces.ncsu.edu>, on 02/10/1999
6:40 PM:
To: internet[<sanet-mg-digest@ces.ncsu.edu>]
sanet-mg-digest Wednesday, February 10 1999 Volume 01 : Number
820
In this issue:
Listeria/airline food
GE tomato paste
Nutrient Management Plans
Help - does anyone know of a good film/video?
See the end of the digest for information about sanet-mg-digest.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: Wed, 10 Feb 1999 14:08:08 -0500
From: "Michele Gale-Sinex/CIAS, UW-Madison" <mgs@aae.wisc.edu>
Subject: Listeria/airline food
Howdy, all--
For you food-system watchers. I've long thought that airlines
represent VAST potential markets for organic and sustainable growers
who want to market their produce directly...though it'd take some
produce pool, eh?, to supply the existing structures. And some
creative thought to build new supply structures for food enterprises
as vast as airlines represent.
I wonder what, if anything, airplane cabin air does in terms of
weakening people's resistance to /Listeria/, given the restricted O2,
the prominence of pesticides and petrochemical fumes, and the
dryness. All factors that can weaken immune systems.
peace
misha
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
LISTERIA ADVISORY: AIRLINE PASSENGERS
*****************************************
A ProMED-mail post
Date: Sun, 07 Feb 1999 09:09:40 -0800
From: CDPC-mail "Chin, James"
Source: Nando Net, 7 Feb 1999 [edited]
*********************************
"Culinary Foods is a major supplier to the airline industry, with its
foods showing up on almost all major [US] carriers and foreign
airlines as well."
*********************************
Chicken burritos latest product added to meat recall
Thousands of chicken burritos made by a division of food
conglomerate Tyson Foods Inc. have been recalled, the latest instance
of contamination by the deadly bacteria listeria.
The recall affects some 78 000 burritos supplied to American
Airlines at the end of last year [1988], according to a report in the
Detroit Free Press. Chicago-based Culinary Foods Inc., a unit of
Tyson Foods, is a supplier to airlines and also makes foods for
restaurants, totaling about 50 million meals per year, the paper
reported. Listeria bacteria was found in burritos sampled in Detroit,
the paper said. When ingested, the bacteria cause a disease called
listeriosis that starts out resembling intestinal flu but can lead to
death. Listeriosis primarily affects unborn children, the very young,
the elderly and people with weakened immune systems. Healthy people
are not normally sickened by it.
Officials from Culinary Foods and Arizona-based Tyson could not be
reached for comment. According to the Detroit paper, Culinary Foods is
a major supplier to the airline industry, with its foods showing up on
almost all major carriers and foreign airlines as well. Dallas-based
American Airlines stopped serving all food from Culinary Foods about a
month ago after concerns arose, the paper reported.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
Michele Gale-Sinex, communications manager
Center for Integrated Ag Systems
UW-Madison College of Ag and Life Sciences
Voice: (608) 262-8018 FAX: (608) 265-3020
http://www.wisc.edu/cias
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Community--that's what Jah say. --Alpha Blondy
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- ------------------------------
Date: Wed, 10 Feb 1999 12:27:45 +0000
From: maroc@islandnet.com (Maroc)
Subject: GE tomato paste
Steve,
Interesting info on the marketing of Zeneca Ag Products tomato paste. An
amazing job if one label has garnered 62 percent of the tomato paste
market. Why are they using GE tomato for making paste? What qualities are
introduced by genetic manipulation that is useful for processing?
A close to home example I was leaning on was milk quietly shipped to a
dairy from a university farm administering rBST to the cows. When the
public learned about it the dairy's entire line of products was boycotted
until they publicly vowed not to accept the rBST-stimulated milk.
Don Maroc
Vancouver Island, Canada
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- ------------------------------
Date: Wed, 10 Feb 1999 15:29:00 -0500
From: Marc Safley <Marc.Safley@usda.gov>
Subject: Nutrient Management Plans
Good afternoon,
I would appreciate hearing from any or all of you on SANET-MG about the way
you currently plan your crop nutrition. Do you develop a written nutrient
balance sheet for each crop and rotation? Do you use soil tests to
determine
nutrient content of your soils? Do you analyze any manures or compost to
determine its nutrient content? Do you do this planning yourself or with
a
consultant?
Thank you in advance for your response.
Marc Safley
Natural Resources Conservation Service
marc.safley@usda.gov
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- ------------------------------
Date: Wed, 10 Feb 1999 15:26:20 -0800
From: Debbie Ortman <safefood@cp.duluth.mn.us>
Subject: Help - does anyone know of a good film/video?
Hi, I am looking for good film/video's on the importance
of eating organic foods, organic gardening/farming, the GE issue or
on a related topic. Does
anyone have any suggestions? A few coops have requested
this.
Thanks
Debbie Dunbar Ortman
National Field Organizer
Organic Consumers Association
3547 Haines Rd.
Duluth, MN 55811
(218) 726-1443
(218) 726-1446 Fax
safefood@cp.duluth.mn.us
http://www.purefood.org
Join the Organic Consumers Association in your local area.
If you want to become a member or a volunteer--or make a donation--call
(218)726-1443
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d
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Clara K. Cohen, AAAS Fellow
USAID/G/EGAD/AFS
RRB 2.11-102
Washington, D.C. 20523-2110
Phone: (202) 712-1116
Fax: (202) 216-3010
e-mail: ccohen@usaid.gov
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------------------------------
Date: Wed, 24 Feb 1999 9:11:36 -0500
From: "Clara Cohen" <ccohen@usaid.gov>
Subject: re: sanet-mg-digest V1 #822
Greetings! I will be out of the office until March 3, 1999. Clara
- -------------
Original Text
From: "sanet-mg-digest" <owner-sanet-mg-digest@ces.ncsu.edu>, on 02/12/1999
11:48 AM:
To: internet[<sanet-mg-digest@ces.ncsu.edu>]
BeyondMail(R). This message is too large to be displayed entirely in the
message body. Please see the attachment beyond.txt.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Clara K. Cohen, AAAS Fellow
USAID/G/EGAD/AFS
RRB 2.11-102
Washington, D.C. 20523-2110
Phone: (202) 712-1116
Fax: (202) 216-3010
e-mail: ccohen@usaid.gov
To Unsubscribe: Email majordomo@ces.ncsu.edu with the command
"unsubscribe sanet-mg".
To Subscribe to Digest: Email majordomo@ces.ncsu.edu with the command
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All messages to sanet-mg are archived at:
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------------------------------
End of sanet-mg-digest V1 #854
******************************
To Unsubscribe: Email majordomo@ces.ncsu.edu with the comannd
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Clara K. Cohen, AAAS Fellow
USAID/G/EGAD/AFS
RRB 2.11-102
Washington, D.C. 20523-2110
Phone: (202) 712-1116
Fax: (202) 216-3010
e-mail: ccohen@usaid.gov
To Unsubscribe: Email majordomo@ces.ncsu.edu with the command
"unsubscribe sanet-mg".
To Subscribe to Digest: Email majordomo@ces.ncsu.edu with the command
"subscribe sanet-mg-digest".
All messages to sanet-mg are archived at:
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