Being a QC person at heart, I had to respond.
> Has any research been done on the differences among confined poultry,
> pastured poultry, range-fed to determine taste, moistness, toughness,
> bacterial levels, nutritional value?
> Has research been done by any universities on any of these issues? If
> not,why hasn't it been done? Why isn't it being done?
>
Come-on, you're at a University. You can do these searches too. It
only took me 2 minutes without leaving my chair. You'd be surprised at
the amount of research that is done on almost anything you can imagine.
And this is only the public sector. Below are seventeen references,
incl. abstracts where available (from a search of poultry and pasture or
free-range). I also did a search on flavor or tenderness that was to
big to attach. Contact me if you want a copy of that.
> Is the general
> public so totally ignorant of these differences that they cheerfully
> accept
> "orange tennis balls" in lieu of "real" tomatoes and other similar
> products?
>
No, but different customers want different things. Most people want
tender, mild flavored chicken that cooks in a few minutes. When I was
in Colombia, there was a demand for more flavorful stewing hens to make
sancocho, but I don't believe the demand exists here.
> Is the organic community
> like the proverbial blind men trying to describe an elephant--the
> elephant
> being the Monsantos of the world?
>
Yeah, that seems accurate to me! (Well, maybe you ARE right about
MONSANTO ;-)
Dale
No. Records Request
1 14966 poultry
2 5489 chicken
3 14 free-range
4 4714 pasture
5 3520 manure
* 6 17 ((poultry or chicken) and (free-range or
pasture)) not manure
Record 1 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AU: Traupman,-M.
TI: Profitable poultry on pasture.
SO: New-Farm. Emmaus, Pa. : Rodale Institute. May/June 1990. v.
12 (4) p. 20, 23. ill.
CN: DNAL S1.N32
LA: English
Record 2 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AU: Body,-R.
TI: Problems in the food system: a comment.
SO: Br-Food-J. Bradford : MCB University Press. Mar/Apr 1989.
v. 91 (2) p. 3-4.
CN: DNAL 389.8-B77
LA: English
AB: Abstract: The food industry is faced by a crisis--perhaps
sooner than had been feared. The evidence of widespread salmonella among
poultry, it is argued, is a warning. It is suggested that two ways of
avoiding the problem would be for the up-market sector of the food
industry to buy free-range eggs only, and for it to demand that all the
eggs it buys come from birds which have been fed with proteins other
than pieces of dead animals.
Record 3 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AU: Hoffman,-Edmund, 1914-
TI: Poultry pasture.
ST: Bulletin / University of Delaware Agricultural Experiment
Station ; no. 254.
SO: Newark, Del. : University of Delaware Agricultural
Experiment Station, 1945. 27 p.
CN: DNAL 100-D37S-1-no.254
LA: English
Record 4 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AU: Parker,-Jesse-E. (Jesse Elmer), 1911-; Mcspadden,-B.-J.
(Ben Joe)
TI: Pasture studies with laying hens.
ST: Bulletin / Agricultural Experiment Station, University of
Tennessee ; no. 185.
SO: Knoxville : University of Tennessee, Agricultural
Experiment Station, 1943. 19 p. : ill.
CN: DNAL 100-T25S-1-no.185
LA: English
Record 5 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AU: Foster,-J.R.
TI: Forages for swine and poultry.
SO: Forages : the science of grassland agriculture / under the
editorial authorship of Maurice E. Heath, Robert F. Barnes, Darrel S.
Metcalfe ; with 107 additional contributing authors. 4th ed. Ames, Iowa,
U.S.A. : Iowa State University Press, 1985. p. 590-596. ill.
CN: DNAL SB193.H4-1985
LA: English
Record 6 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
CA: United States. Office of Experiment Stations.
TI: Experiment station work, XLV : the farm home, shrinkage of
corn in cribs, lining of ditches and reservoirs, grain for cows at
pasture, cement pipe for irrigation and other purposes, starters for
ripening cream, water pans for poultry, pollination of forced tomatoes,
catching hook for poultry, increasing the productiveness of corn.
ST: Farmers' bulletin / United States Department of Agriculture
; no. 317.
SO: Washington : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1908. 32 p. : ill.
CN: DNAL 1-Ag84F-no.317
LA: English
Record 7 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AU: Ojeniyi,-A.A.
TI: Comparative bacterial drug resistance in modern battery and
free-range poultry in a tropical environment.
SO: Vet-Rec. London : British Veterinary Association. July 6,
1985. v. 117 (1) p. 11-12.
CN: DNAL 41.8-V641
LA: English
Record 8 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AU: Medland,-S.L.
TI: Livestock and poultry sector.
SO: I-A-A-E-Occas-Pap-Int-Assoc-Agric-Econ. [Oxford, Eng.] :
Gower Publishing Co. Ltd. 1981. (2) p. 205-209.
CN: DNAL-AGE 922946AGE
LA: English
AB: Extract: "Canada's livestok and poultry sector enjoys the
advantage of large land areas suitable only for pasture, particularly in
the West, and large supplies of barley in the West and maize in Ontario.
Production technology and knowhow compare favourably with those of other
major producing countries. Disadvantages include price and income
instability due to cycles and fluctuations in feed supply and expensive
haul to market for much of the product, and a relatively harsh climate
which adds to costs of production and distribution. The net result is
that the sector, providing it remains competitive with the United
States, will continue to grow and prosper with the general economy, but,
except in times of feedgrain surplus, Canada is unlikely to be a major
exporter of livestock and poultry products.".
Record 9 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
TI: Experiment station work, XLV : compiled from the
publications of the agricultural experiment stations : the farm home,
shrinkage of corn in cribs, lining of ditches and reservoirs, grain for
cows at pasture, cement pipe for irrigation and other purposes, starters
for ripening cream, water pans for poultry, pollination of forced
tomatoes, catching hook for poultry, increasing the productiveness of
corn.
ST: Farmers' bulletin / United States Department of Agriculture
; no. 317.
SO: Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1908. 32 p. :
ill. --
CN: DNAL Fiche-S-70-no.317
LA: English
Record 10 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AU: Sorrenson,-W.J.; Abrahao,-J.J.-dos-S.; Echeverria,-L.C.R.
TI: Economic analysis of a feed supplementation of native
pasture with poultry litter for fattening cattle in Santa Catarina
[Costs and returns, nutrition, Brazil]. Analise economica da
suplementacao da pastagem nativa com cama de frango para engorda de
bovinos em Santa Catarina.
SO: Comun-Tec-Empresa-Catarinense-Pesqui-Agropecu.
Florianopolis, Brazil : A Empresa. 1983. (68) 14 p. ill.
CN: DNAL S544.5.B7C5
LA: Portuguese
Record 11 of 17 - AGRICOLA (1984 - 12/91)
AU: Geiger,-Glenn.; Biellier,-Harold.
TI: Brooding and rearing ducklings and goslings.
SO: Document available from: University of Missouri, Extension
Publications, 222 S. Fifth Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201. 1979 1
sheet : ill.
CN: DNAL Document-available-from-source.
LA: English
AB: This publication discusses raising ducklings and goslings,
including brooding requirements, types of brooders, brooding
temperatures, feeding, pasture for goslings, and fencing.
Record 12 of 17 - AGRICOLA 1/92-12/97
AU: Clark,-M.S.; Gage,-S.H.
TI: Effects of free-range chickens and geese on insect pests
and weeds in an agroecosystem.
SO: Am-J-altern-agric. Greenbelt, MD : Henry A. Wallace
Institute for Alternative Agriculture. 1996. v. 11 (1) p. 39-47.
CN: DNAL S605.5.A43
LA: English
AB: We evaluated the effects of free-range chickens and geese
on insect pests and weeds in an experimental, nonchemical agroecosystem
consisting of an apple orchard with intercropped potatoes. The objective
was to assess the potential of these domestic bird species as biological
control agents. Four insect pests were studied: plum curculio, apple
maggot, Japanese beetle, and Colorado potato beetle. Chickens fed on
several potential crop pests, including Japanese beetle. Although
Japanese beetles were less abundant on apple trees when chickens were
present, the proportion of damaged fruit was not reduced. Furthermore,
chickens did not affect weed abundance or crop productivity. In
contrast, geese were effective weeders. Their activities reduced weed
abundance and increased potato plant growth and yields compared with a
minimally weeded control. In addition, the activities of geese
indirectly reduced apple fruit damage by plum curculio and increased the
proportion of pest-free fruit, possibly because removal of vegetation by
the geese reduced humidity at the soil surface and therefore reduced the
activity of plum curculio.
Record 13 of 17 - AGRICOLA 1/92-12/97
AU: Kinde,-H.; Read,-D.H.; Chin,-R.P.; Bickford,-A.A.;
Walker,-R.L.; Ardans,-A.; Breitmeyer,-R.E.; Willoughby,-D.;
Little,-H.E.; Kerr,-D.
TI: Salmonella enteritidis, phage type 4 infection in a
commercial layer flock in southern California: bacteriologic and
epidemiologic findings.
SO: Avian-dis. Kennett Square, Pa. : American Association of
Avian Pathologists Inc. July/Sept 1996. v. 40 (3) p. 665-671.
CN: DNAL 41.8-Av5
LA: English; Summary in: Spanish
AB: Salmonella enteritidis, phage type 4 (SE PT4), was isolated
from five of six 27-wk-old layer chickens submitted for necropsy from a
flock of 43,000. Bacteriologic and epidemiologic investigations on the
ranch revealed that five of the eight flocks (n = 176,000) were
infected. The prevalence of SE PT4 in randomly selected healthy birds
ranged from 1.7% (in caged birds) to 50% (in free-range birds) and
prevalence in culled birds (kept on dirt floor houses) ranged from 14%
to 42%. The estimated overall prevalence of group D Salmonella in eggs
contaminated with group D Salmonella was 2.28 per 10,000. The estimated
prevalence of group D Salmonella in eggs from caged birds in three
infected houses ranged from 1.5 to 4.1 per 10,000, whereas in two houses
of free-range birds, prevalence was 14.9 to 19.1 per 10,000. Three of
the eight flocks on the ranch remained negative for Salmonella between
May 1994 and December 1995 or until removed from the ranch. Salmonella
enteritidis PT4 was also isolated from 12.5% (6 of 48) of mice; 57%
(four of seven) of cats; and two of two skunks tested. Environmental
drag swabs and well water samples yielded multiple serotypes of
Salmonella (23/180 and 5/14, respectively) but not S. enteritidis.
Record 14 of 17 - AGRICOLA 1/92-12/97
AU: Geissal,-D.
TI: Free-range poultry.
SO: Small-farm-today. Clark, MO : Missouri Farm Publishing
Inc., [1992-. June 1996. v. 13 (3) p. 20-21.
CN: DNAL S1.M57
LA: English
Record 15 of 17 - AGRICOLA 1/92-12/97
AU: Thear,-Katie.
TI: Free-range poultry.
SO: Ipswich, U.K. : Farming Press, 1990. viii, 179 p. : ill.
CN: DNAL SF487.T48
LA: English
Record 16 of 17 - AGRICOLA 1/92-12/97
AU: Schoth,-H.-A. (Harry August), 1891-
TI: Green feed and pasture for poultry.
ST: Station circular (Oregon State Agricultural College.
Agricultural Experiment Station) ; 123.
SO: [Corvallis, Or.] : Oregon State System of Higher Education,
Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State Agricultural College,
1937. 16 p. : ill.
CN: DNAL 100-Or3-no.123
LA: English
Record 17 of 17 - AGRICOLA 1/92-12/97
AU: Schoth,-H.-A. (Harry August), 1891-
TI: Green feed and pasture for poultry.
ST: Station circular (Oregon State Agricultural College.
Agricultural Experiment Station) ; 85.
SO: [Corvallis, Or.] : Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon
State Agricultural College, 1928. 16 p. : ill.
CN: DNAL 100-Or3-no.85
LA: English
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