RE: Weed management with animals

Wilson, Dale (WILSONDO@phibred.com)
Mon, 23 Feb 1998 14:03:00 -0600

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Geoff

> Could you post this abstract to the list. I'm sure a lot of people
> would be
> interested.
>
Attached is my proposal. I envision a company to lease trained animals
to farmers. I was going to submit this as a small business grant
proposal when I was at the University, but then found that I would not
meet the entreprenurial criteria, and my job was in an unrelated subject
area. I have attached it as a Word file and as a text file.

<<Herbipro.doc>> <<HERBIPRO.txt>>
If you can use these ideas, or know someone who can, go ahead and take
them.

Dale

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Content-Type: text/plain;
name="HERBIPRO.txt"
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filename="HERBIPRO.txt"

LARGE HERBIVORES AS GENERIC WEED CONTROL DEVICES: THE ULTIMATE =
BIOCONTROL SYSTEM

Dale O. Wilson, Jr.

ABSTRACT

Interest is mounting in cybernetic approaches to selective, mechanical =
weed control. But complex, sophisticated, vegetation control devices =
already exist; animals whose selective, mechanical apparatus has been =
honed for millions of years. We propose to use behavioristict =
approaches to turn animal herds or flocks into selective weed control =
systems. This is a more powerful approach to biocontrol than use of =
microbial agents or arthropods because large animals are both more =
powerful and trainable.

BACKGROUND

Animals have been used for thousands (?) of years to perform selective =
weed control. For example, geese will selectively remove grass from =
crops, and this has been put to use in Idaho mint fields. Sheep =
continue to provide marginally selective weed control in orchards in =
the Pacific Northwest. Recently ?????? have developed a system for =
training sheep for weed control in christmas tree plantations. Penned =
animals were offerred conifers as food under continuous observation. =
Individuals observed to consume the christmas trees were immediately =
restrained, and forced to swallow a capsule of lithium chloride, making =
them transiently ill. In this way the animals were trained, almost =
instantly, to avoid eating christmas trees. This exploits a powerful =
mammalian response, which under natural conditions, protects animals =
from poisonous plants, as they explore new food sources.

This kind of approach is attractive because it could, in principle, be =
applied to any crop, and most weeds. Furthermore, such an approach =
could be used with other animal species, especially smaller species or =
dwarf strains to minimize damage to row crops. We envision, for =
example a herd of pigmy goats trained to specifically avoid eating =
corn, voraciously consuming anything else green in the field. The =
problem with this approach is that the training is very =
labor-intensive. We propose to automate the training, facilitating the =
formation of herds of avoidance-trained animals by entrepreneurs. This =
is primarily a problem in veterinary pharmacology and psychology, and =
agricultural engineering.

PROCEDURE

The near-term goal is development of radio controlled training =
appliances. For example, doses of apomorphine could be delivered by =
catheter from a radio controlled pump and reservoir, worn by the =
animal. The observer could activate the pump, making the animal feel =
sick, without having to catch it and jam something down its throat. =
Alternatively, a similar device could inject a training agent, such as =
Ropel, directly into the animals mouth.

The long-term goal is the development of autonomous training =
appliances. Consumption of the crop to be avoided would be sensed by =
the device (visually or using chemical sensors) and the animal trained =
without human intervention.

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